Search results (56 items)

    story     cover, illustration     gag     Non-Disney and/or non-comics

Code	Title	Number of pages	Creators	Publications	Characters, comments
I AT 325-A	Lo strano caso del dottor Paper e di mister Paperyde	22 p. 4 rows per page	Writing Staff di IF Pencils Alberico Motta Ink Agnese Fedeli	First published 1984-01-01	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Gus Goose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (R. L. Stevenson) credit ricavato da "Le grandi Parodie Disney" 46
I CWD 54-A	Donald Duck Paperino ai mondiali di calcio	92 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Romano Scarpa Pencils Romano Scarpa Ink Sandro Del Conte	First published 1974-05-19	Appearances Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Grandma Duck, Gus Goose, Huey Dewey and Louie, John D. Rockerduck, Jubal Pomp, Magica De Spell, Ratface, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en How Soccer has begun
I PK3 1-1	Duck Avenger Un supereroe per caso	48 p. irregular layout	Writing Gianfranco Cordara Art Lorenzo Pastrovicchio	First published 2002-08-01	Appearances Enrietta Richardson, Gorthan, Jerry Paperice (1st), Mary Ann Bringethorn, Mike Morrighan, Rupert Potomac, Tom Anatrwise (1st), Zondag, Angus Fangus, Camera 9, Daisy Duck, Dan Woodstain, Donald Duck, Duck Avenger, Everett Ducklair, Evronians, Frank, Gladstone Gander, Huey Dewey and Louie, Lyla Lee, One, Ziggy
I PK3 3-1	Duck Avenger Un mondo perfetto	48 p. irregular layout	Writing Gianfranco Cordara Art Claudio Sciarrone	First published 2002-10-01	Appearances Buck Paper, Lyonard D'Aq, Peter Waterman, Rupert Potomac (in parallel universe), Tempest Gale (in parallel universe), Angus Fangus, Donald Duck, Duck Avenger, Huey Dewey and Louie (thought), Lyla Lee, One, Uncle Scrooge (thought)
I PK3 6-1	Duck Avenger Una galassia lontana	48 p. irregular layout	Writing Stefano Ambrosio Art Ettore Gula	First published 2003-01-01	Appearances (incomplete) Gorthan, Lyonard D'Aq, Zondag, Donald Duck, Duck Avenger, Evronians, Huey Dewey and Louie, One
I TL 159-AP	Donald Duck Paperino e il conte di Montecristo	60 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Martina Art Luciano Bottaro	First published 1957-03-25	Appearances Judge Fitzsimmons, Chief O'Hara, Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Huey Dewey and Louie, Peg-Leg Pete, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Il conte di Montecristo (A. Dumas)
I TL 162-AP	Donald Duck Paperino e i tre moschettieri	63 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Martina Art Pier Lorenzo De Vita	First published 1957-05-10	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Peg-Leg Pete, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: I tre moschettieri (A. Dumas)
I TL 180-AP	Donald Duck Paperino di Münchhausen	60 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Martina Art Pier Lorenzo De Vita	First published 1958-02-10	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Mickey Mouse, Peg-Leg Pete, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Il barone di Münchhausen (R. E. Raspe)
I TL 216-AP	Donald Duck Paperino e l'isola del tesoro	80 p. 3 rows per page	Plot Luciano Bottaro Script Carlo Chendi, Luciano Bottaro Art Luciano Bottaro	First published 1959-08-10	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en A ghost brings Donald and the nephews in the past, where Uncle Scrooge is a pirate with the Beagle Boys as his crew. Comment Parody of: L'isola del tesoro (R. L. Stevenson) prima apparizione del Paperone pirata, tipico di Bottaro
I TL 226-BP	Donald Duck Paperino principe di Dunimarca	76 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Gian Giacomo Dalmasso Art Giovan Battista Carpi	First published 1960-01-10	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Grandma Duck, Gus Goose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Peg-Leg Pete, Pluto, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Amleto (W. Shakespeare)
I TL 1093-A	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e l'asteroide minerario	36 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Giorgio Pezzin Art Giorgio Cavazzano	First published 1976-11-07	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, John D. Rockerduck, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 1140-AP	Donald Duck Paperino e la nipote del Corsaro Nero	61 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Luciano Bottaro Art Luciano Bottaro	First published 1977-10-02	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gus Goose, Gyro Gearloose, Gyro's Helper, Huey Dewey and Louie, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Donald and Uncle Scrooge travel back in time where a famous pirate resembles US Comment Parody of: Il Corsaro Nero (E. Salgari)
I TL 1172-AP	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e le guerre planetarie	66 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Martina Art Giovan Battista Carpi	First published 1978-05-14	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Grandma Duck, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, John D. Rockerduck, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Guerre Stellari (G. Lucas)
I TL 1353-A	Donald Duck Paperino e il turista spaziale	26 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Carlo Chendi Art Giorgio Cavazzano	First published 1981-11-01	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, O.K. Quack (1st), Uncle Scrooge
I TL 1396-AP	Donald Duck Paperino e il vento del Sud	129 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Martina Art Giovan Battista Carpi	First published 1982-08-29	Appearances Argus McSwine, Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Gladstone Gander, Grandma Duck, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Jeeves, John D. Rockerduck, Ludwig Von Drake, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Parody of the romantic novel "Gone with the Wind" by Margaret Mitchell, where Donald Duck, Daisy Duck and Gladstone Gander play respectively Rhett Butler, Scarlett O'Hara and Ashley Wilkes. A new female antropomorphic duck was specially created to be the sweet Melanie Hamilton, whose brother is played by nothing less than Fethry Duck. Comment Parody of: Gone with the wind (M. Mitchell)
I TL 1409-AP	La storia di Marco Polo detta Il Milione	126 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Martina, Romano Scarpa Pencils Romano Scarpa Ink Sandro Del Conte	First published 1982-11-28	Appearances Clara Cluck, Daisy Duck, Dickie Duck, Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Grandma Duck, Gus Goose, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, John D. Rockerduck, Ludwig Von Drake, Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Peg-Leg Pete, Trudy Van Tubb, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Il milione (Marco Polo); Parody of: Il milione (Marco Polo) nella puntata precedente, il titolo è annunciato come "Missione a Taian-fu"
I TL 1483-B	Donald Duck Paperino e la maschera di ferro	26 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Frank Gordon Payne Art Francesc Bargadà Studio	First published 1984-04-29	Appearances Billy Goat, Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Grandma Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, John D. Rockerduck, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 1519-B	Donald Duck Le avventure di Paperin-Simbad	32 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Giorgio Ferrari Art Miquel Pujol	First published 1985-01-06	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Huey Dewey and Louie, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Le mille e una notte (-)
I TL 1543-B	Paper-Alì e la brocca di Mustafà	33 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Scala Art Guido Scala	First published 1985-06-23	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Le mille e una notte (-) Subseries 1001 Nights
I TL 1642-C	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e... il vecchio e il mare	30 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Scala Art Guido Scala	First published 1987-05-17	Appearances Acciuga, Seagull, Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Quackmore, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Il vecchio e il mare (E. Hemingway)
I TL 1789-A	Il fantasma di Canterville	26 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Alessandro Sisti Art Roberto Marini	First published 1990-03-11	Appearances Brigitta MacBridge, Dickie Duck, Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Comment Parody of: Il fantasma di Canterville (O. Wilde)
I TL 2071-1	Donald Duck Paperino e il segreto della 313	29 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fabio Michelini Art Massimo De Vita	First published 1995-08-08	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Huey Dewey and Louie, Ludwig Von Drake, The Junior Woodchucks
I TL 2140-2	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone in... Capitani coraggiosi	30 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Guido Scala Art Guido Scala	First published 1996-12-03	Appearances Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en parodia Comment Parody of: Capitani coraggiosi (R. Kipling)
I TL 2217-3	Rotta verso la terra	6 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Rudy Salvagnini Art Stefano Turconi	First published 1998-05-26	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie Subseries Paperi nello spazio
I TL 2344-2	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e un Halloween ...speciale	18 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Bruno Sarda Art Andrea Ferraris	First published 2000-10-31	Appearances Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Magica De Spell, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2375-1	Duck Avenger Paperinik e il fuoriclasse del gol	30 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Carlo Panaro Art Marco Palazzi	First published 2001-06-05	Appearances Donald Duck, Duck Avenger, Huey Dewey and Louie
I TL 2441-2	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e l'oasi esclusiva	27 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fabio Michelini Art Carlo Limido	First published 2002-09-10	Appearances Doppio G, Pig mayor, Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, John D. Rockerduck, The Junior Woodchucks, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en US and RKD try and take advantage of an ecological island
I TL 2442-5	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone & il tesoro del fantasma... o viceversa	25 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Francesco Guerrini Art Francesco Guerrini	First published 2002-09-17	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge, Whiskervilles Description Language code Description en Uncle Scrooge goes on a trip to Scotland with his nephews to look for the fabled treasure of his ancestors, which he was unable to find back in the day as a kid. Comment Sir Roast McDuck's armor appears on the first panel
I TL 2471-5	Gus Goose, Gyro Gearloose Archimede & Ciccio e l'attrazione formidabile	24 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Carlo Panaro Art Valerio Held	First published 2003-04-08	Appearances Gus Goose, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie (1), The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2474-6	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e l'inedito ritrovato	32 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Carlo Panaro Art Valerio Held	First published 2003-04-29	Appearances Donald Duck, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2475-2	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e la puntura della zanzovescia	24 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Giorgio Pezzin Art Francesco Guerrini	First published 2003-05-06	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Gladstone Gander, Huey Dewey and Louie, Quackmore, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2476-1	Donald Duck Paperino campionissimo di golf	25 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fabio Michelini Art Alessandro Perina	First published 2003-05-13	Appearances Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, John D. Rockerduck, Quackmore, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2482-6	Donald Duck Paperino e le possibilità alternative	26 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Carlo Panaro Art Paolo De Lorenzi	First published 2003-06-24	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2483-5	Donald Duck Paperino e il sogno irrealizzabile	25 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Bruno Concina Art Giulio Chierchini	First published 2003-07-01	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie
I TL 2512-2	Gladstone Gander Gastone e gli obblighi parentali	18 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Riccardo Pesce Art Paolo De Lorenzi	First published 2004-01-20	Appearances Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Huey Dewey and Louie
I TL 2515-5	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone, il ghiaccio azzurro e il canto delle sirene	26 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Rodolfo Cimino Art Luciano Milano	First published 2004-02-10	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Quackmore, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2524-7	Donald Duck Paperino e l'occasione imperdibile	20 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Stefano Ambrosio Art Salvatore Deiana	First published 2004-04-13	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie
I TL 2537-7	Donald Duck Paperino e le vacanze a catena	22 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Alessandro Mainardi Art Lara Molinari	First published 2004-07-13	Appearances Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Huey Dewey and Louie
I TL 2538-7	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e la trappola in alto mare	26 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Carlo Panaro Art Lara Molinari	First published 2004-07-20	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2549-2	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e il regalo dal passato	21 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Nino Russo Art Pier Dario Pennati	First published 2004-10-05	Appearances Billy Goat, Brigitta MacBridge, Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Gladstone Gander, Grandma Duck, Grandpa Beagle, Gus Goose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Quackmore, The Beagle Boys, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Friends and family of US reenact an old wild west city for his birthday
I TL 2554-6	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e il segreto del Marcantonius	28 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Manuela Marinato Art Lara Molinari	First published 2004-11-09	Appearances Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Jeeves, John D. Rockerduck, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en RKD purchases an old shipwreck, in the vault of which it's captain had put away an island ownership contract given to him by US. However, with the captain disappeared and the vault gone the search begins...
I TL 2568-3	Donald Duck Paperino e l'impiccio di S. Valentino	15 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Nino Russo Art Pier Dario Pennati	First published 2005-02-15	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie
I TL 2575-2	Gladstone Gander Gastone e la gara di fortuna	20 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Nino Russo Art Danilo Barozzi	First published 2005-04-05	Appearances Pig mayor, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en GL participates in a competition against another super lucky man
I TL 2618-1	Donald Duck Paperino e il tenore inquilino	22 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Sergio Badino Art Paolo Mottura	First published 2006-01-31	Appearances Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Donald Duckling, Grandma Duck, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Ludwig Von Drake, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en US forces DD to let a opera singer live in his house, which causes all kinds of hardships for him. Especially when the tenor loses his voice...
I TL 2628-1	Uncle Scrooge Zio Paperone e il telefonino stregato	28 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Carlo Gentina Art Stefano Intini	First published 2006-04-11	Appearances Donald Duck, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Magica De Spell, Quackmore, Ratface, Uncle Scrooge
I TL 2694-1	Uncle Scrooge Il mio primo milione	27 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Marco Mazzarello	First published 2007-07-17	Appearances Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Gus Goose (photo), Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Scrooge narrates how he gained his 1st million dollars in the Klondike Gold Rush. The narrative focuses on Scrooge trying to extract enough gold to officially gain the title of millionaire before the expiration of a time limit. Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2695-1	Uncle Scrooge Il mio secondo milione	25 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Paolo Mottura	First published 2007-07-24	Appearances Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en A young Scrooge orchestrates the construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad (in the United States) in an effort to improve transport, and communication between the East and West Coast. Earning his second million in the process. Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2697-1	Uncle Scrooge Il mio terzo milione	34 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Stefano Intini	First published 2007-08-07	Appearances Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, The Beagle Boys (2), Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Scrooge is running an emporium in a rural town, but his profits are negligible. An employee convinces him to invest in the new industry, cinema. As a film producer and cinema owner, Scrooge has to learn new ways to attract an audience. Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2699-2	Uncle Scrooge Il mio quarto milione	24 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Giampaolo Soldati	First published 2007-08-21	Appearances Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Scrooge and a business partner establish a construction company, using an new and inexpensive material to work quickly though major projects. Scrooge learns too late that his partner is a con-artist. The buildings eventually collapse, leaving a major city in ruins. The partner has already vanished along with all their money. A bankrupt Scrooge has to find a way to both pay reparations and regain his fortune. Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2701-1	Uncle Scrooge Il mio quinto milione	24 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Paolo De Lorenzi	First published 2007-09-04	Appearances Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Gus Goose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Scrooge is running a salt mine, but he seems to be loosing money through this investment. His chance to actually turn a profit depends on delivering a train-load of salt to an eccentric client... through a snow storm. Meanwhile, the chance mistake of a near-sighted employee has unexpected results for the ambitious millionaire. Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2702-2	Huey Dewey and Louie La biblioteca dei misteri	16 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Stefano Ambrosio Art Andrea Freccero	First published 2007-09-11	Appearances Anacardo Mitraglia, Oliver Gooswon (1st), Pig mayor's wife, Donald Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Miss Quackfaster, Quackmore Subseries Q-Blog
I TL 2703-2	Uncle Scrooge Il mio sesto milione	25 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Marco Mazzarello	First published 2007-09-18	Appearances Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Scrooge has settled in France, and partnered himself with would-be cheesemaker Jules. Their chance discovery of a priceless statue seems to them an easier way of turning a profit. Until an art thief steals the statue, and the two partners are forced to follow his trail around the world. Inspiring Jules (Verne) to write a novel about a similar journey. Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2705-3	Uncle Scrooge Il mio settimo milione	29 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Giuseppe Dalla Santa	First published 2007-10-02	Appearances Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Scrooge invests in the tourist industry. But his cruises around the Atlantic coast of America are quite monotonous, and his clients are more interested in destinations in the Pacific coast. Circumnavigating the continent takes too long, and Scrooge has to find a shorter way to reach the other Ocean. Focusing his attention on Central America. Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2709-2	Uncle Scrooge Il mio nono milione	27 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Marco Palazzi	First published 2007-10-30	Appearances Donald Duck, Grandma Duck, Huey Dewey and Louie, Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Scrooge has established a brokerage firm, using a young college graduate as an assistant and wage slave. Mostly ignoring his assistant's advice in favor of his own ideas. After a serious error in judgement lands him in problems, Scrooge decides to trust his assistant with investing what is left of his fortune. When the young man turns out to be a common embezzler, Scrooge has to figure a way to re-establish his fortune. Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2710-1	Uncle Scrooge Il mio decimo milione	29 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Fausto Vitaliano Art Marco Mazzarello	First published 2007-11-06	Appearances Brigitta MacBridge, Daisy Duck, Donald Duck, Gladstone Gander, Grandma Duck, Gus Goose (photo), Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, John D. Rockerduck (nightmare), Jubal Pomp, Ludwig Von Drake, Magica De Spell (nightmare), Quackmore, The Beagle Boys (nightmare), Uncle Scrooge Description Language code Description en Grrodon and Sprea have become shares in Duckburg's stock market; Scrooge keeps rising to the top of the business world. A number of "golden" dreams allow him to predict the most profitable investments. A slight change in his menu changes these dreams into nightmares where he is tormented by mysterious figures from his future (Beagle Boys, Magica, Brigitta, Rockerduck). In this state of mind, Scrooge starts making faulty decisions. He has to figure out what went wrong to prevent an early end to his career. Comment Grrodon e Sprea sono azioni del mercato borsistico paperopolese, omaggio al Forum del Papersera Subseries Tutti i milioni di Paperone
I TL 2716-1	Huey Dewey and Louie Qui Quo Qua & l'Operazione Natale	31 p. 3 rows per page	Writing Silvia Gianatti Art Stefano Turconi	First published 2007-12-18	Appearances Donald Duck, Fethry Duck, Gyro Gearloose, Huey Dewey and Louie, Santa Claus, Uncle Scrooge Subseries MIA